What does a retinal surgeon in Singapore do?
- Mar 19
- 2 min read
A retinal surgeon is a subspecialist within ophthalmology who focuses on diseases of the retina (the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye) and the vitreous (the gel-like substance inside the eye). This field is commonly referred to as vitreoretinal surgery.
Scope of Specialisation
Retinal surgeons manage complex and often sight-threatening conditions affecting the back of the eye. These include:
Retinal detachmen: a condition where the retina separates from its underlying support tissue
Diabetic retinopathy: damage to retinal blood vessels due to diabetes
Age-related macular degeneration: degeneration of the central retina (macula)
Macular hole: a small break in the macula affecting central vision
Epiretinal membrane: scar tissue forming on the retinal surface
These conditions often require highly specialised diagnostic and surgical expertise.
What Does a Retinal Surgeon Do?
Provide Advanced Diagnosis
Retinal surgeons interpret detailed imaging to assess retinal structure and function. Common tools include the Optical coherence tomography (OCT), Fundus photography, and Fluorescein angiography. These investigations allow precise localisation and monitoring of disease.
Medical Treatment
Not all retinal conditions require surgery. Many are managed with targeted therapies such as: Intravitreal injections (medication injected into the eye), which is commonly used for Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Diabetic macular edema, as well as Laser therapy for diabetic eye disease or retinal tears. These treatments help stabilise or improve vision in many patients.
Surgical Procedures
When necessary, retinal surgeons perform delicate microsurgeries, including Vitrectomy, which is the removal of the vitreous gel to access and repair the retina, Retinal detachment repair which aims to reattach the retina using laser, gas, or silicone oil, Macular surgery for conditions like macular holes or epiretinal membranes. These procedures require specialised instruments and are performed under high magnification.
Training and Expertise
Becoming a retinal surgeon involves extensive training, involving a medical degree and general ophthalmology training, as well as additional fellowship training in vitreoretinal surgery. This advanced training equips them to handle some of the most complex conditions in eye care.
When Might You Be Referred to a Retinal Surgeon?
You may be referred if you experience:
Sudden flashes, floaters, or a shadow in your vision
Distorted or blurred central vision
Complications from diabetes affecting the eyes
Findings from imaging that suggest retinal disease
Early referral is critical, as many retinal conditions progress rapidly if untreated.
Conclusion
A retinal surgeon is a highly specialised ophthalmologist dedicated to diagnosing and treating diseases of the retina and vitreous. Through a combination of advanced imaging, targeted medical therapy, and precise surgical techniques, they play a crucial role in preserving vision in conditions that might otherwise lead to permanent sight loss.
