Procedures

The anterior chamber angle (also called the iridocorneal angle) is the angle formed between the cornea and the iris. This angle contains the eye’s "drainage system" - the trabecular meshwork and the Schlemm’s canal. It is in this angle the fluid in the eye (called the aqueous humour) drains away. Our eyes continually produce fluids, and this angle determines how well the fluid drains. When the angle is open, there is normal fluid drainage, hence the pressure within the eye, c

Visual field testing aims to test the sensitivity of the peripheral retina, that is, how good the side, paracentral, or surrounding vision is. This is important as any changes or loss in periphery vision can go undetected by the person him/herself - this is because any loss or reduction in our central vision is easily 'seen' by us, but not for our 'side vision'. Reasons for Doing Visual Field Testing: Visual field testing is performed to: 1. Detect and Monitor Glaucoma Glauco

Retinopexy is a medical procedure used to treat a retinal tear or help repair a retinal detachment. Its main goal is to prevent vision loss by sealing the retina back against the wall of the eye. Purpose The retina is the thin layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. If there is a tear, fluid in the eye can pass underneath it, leading to a retinal detachment. This is a serious condition that can cause permanent vision loss. Hence, retinopexy is performed with t

Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI), also called laser iridotomy, is a common outpatient laser procedure used primarily to treat or prevent angle-closure glaucoma (also known as narrow-angle or closed-angle glaucoma). Why do we perform it? The main reason is to address or prevent a dangerous buildup of pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure, also called IOP) that can damage the optic nerve and lead to permanent vision loss. In a healthy eye, the fluid in the eye is const

Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery, or MIGS, is a safer, less invasive way to treat glaucoma in selected patients. It won’t cure glaucoma, but it can help control eye pressure and protect vision, often with fewer medications and quicker recovery. What is the purpose of MIGS? To lower the eye pressure, thus reducing the need for glaucoma eye drops, in a manner that causes less tissue damage as compared to traditional glaucoma surgery. How is this done? MIGS aims to improve th

There are two commonly used drugs for age-related macular degeneration, also known as AMD. Aflibercept (Eylea) Faricimab (Vabysmo) These two treatments contain anti-VEGF drugs - this blocks the vascular endothelial growth factor, which stops abnormal blood vessel growth and reduce fluid leakage and swelling. Vabysmo and Eylea can also be used for other eye conditions such as Diabetic Macular Oedema, Diabetic Retinopathy, and Oedema following a Retinal Vein Occlusion. Eylea m

FFA (Fundus Fluorescein Angiography, also called Fluorescein Angiography or FA) and ICGA (Indocyanine Green Angiography, also called ICG Angiography) are specialised diagnostic imaging tests used in ophthalmology to evaluate the blood vessels in the back of the eye. They help diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the retina (the light-sensitive layer) and choroid (the vascular layer beneath the retina). An example of an FFA image - allowing us to see the blood vessels cle

After the admissions are done, you will be lying (or sitting) on a trolley bed and be queued to be sent into the operating theatre. Preparation for the surgery: Upon registration and admission, your information is verified and your vitals will be taken. For a period of time, you will lie or sit on a trolley (a moveable bed, not of the supermarket variety). A plug will be inserted, typically into your hand, which will be used for the anaesthesia during the surgery. Eye drops w

Are you undergoing or intending to undergo a cataracts-removal surgery (phacoemulsification)? When the cataracts or cataractous lens (the eye's natural lens that has turned cloudy and affects your vision) is removed, we replace it with an artificial lens called an intraocular lens, or IOL in short. The crystalline lens behind the pupil, indicated in purple here, is the cataractous structure we are replacing with an intraocular lens (IOL). There are different types of IOLs th

Risks and complications of cataract surgery Phacoemulsification cataract surgery is very safe, but like any surgery, it carries some risks. Most are uncommon and treatable when detected early. Common and usually mild - Temporary blurred vision during healing - Eye irritation or discomfort - Redness or light sensitivity - Dry eye symptoms - Mild inflammation, controlled with eye drops Less common but more serious - Infection (endophthalmitis): Rare but serious; causes pain, re